Cylinder construction



G. S. ANDRES.

CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION.'

APPLlcATmN man ocr. a. Isls.

Patented Apr. 18, 19242.

'VE D.

f UNITED; @srrss GEORGE SAMUEL ANDRES, or ciiroae'o, iLLINois.

.CYLINDER -consfriworron 4 To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE SAMUEL ANDRES, a citizen of the UnitedV States., and aresident of the city of Chicago, in the county or' Cook and State of Illinois, have invented' certain new and useful Improvements in Cylinder Construction; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

vide a removable cylinder tube with aselfclear, and exact description or' the same,

Areference being had to the accompanyingl drawings, and to thel numerals of reference Vmarked thereon, which `form a part of thisv Vprovide a cylinder vwith flanges or other pro- 'specication v l This invention relates to,v cylinder ,con-

struction, and, although not restricted to vsuch use, is particularly'adapted for internal Y lcombustionengines, 5

' Frequently it is'desirable to construct the A'cylinder of different ,material from the parts and crankcase. Thus the cylinder may,` advantageously be composed o-'f'steel, the cylinj On the drawings:l Y

' der ,head of cast iron and the crank case of' aluminumor other metal. A Y

Further, the cylinder of an internalcombustion engine wears unequally not only -circumi'erentially owing to lateral pressure of the connecting rod, Vbutalso longitudinally since the piston and pist-on rings do not traverse the whole surface Vofthe cyllnder.

It frequently happens that the cylinderV becomes cracked owing to freezing of Athe water inthe water jacket or other causes, inV

which case the entire cylinder, Ycylinder head and water jacket have to be replaced.

In other cases the cylinder is ofunequal thickness due to imperfect centering of the cores for the'bore of the cylinder and the water jacket respectively.

The usual practice of casting the cylinders and water jackets as a unit involves expensive grinding and other machines for boring the cylinder' and*` forming the valve seats..

and other parts.

It is an object, therefore, or the present invention to provide an engine having a cylinder which is separable from both the cylinder head andthe crank case, and in addition may be adjusted angularly through erablyalso reversed in position end for end relatively to the cylinderfhead and crank der head and crank case.

Vthe area in contact 'adjacent thereto, such as the ycylinder head say 90.with respect to these parts andpreff f Speccation ofj-ettcrs Patent. :Patented Api,18, Y Application md octpper 161, fiele. serial No. szas'ogfV H influenced by cast-on water jacketsf'...

' A furtherfobject of theL invention is to i.;

c 'hined inside and out sothatfthe cylinder walls may be made of'uniform predeterniined thickness throughout.

Itis also an object of the invention to prosealing joint between the tube and thecylin- An additional-object of the invention is to jectionsfon its cuter surface for increasing with the water inthe water jacket. .y z

Otherf and further important objects Vof this invention will be apparent from the dis? closures in the specification andidrawings.

The "invention, (in a preferred form) vis illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter g more fully described. j

Figure l is a central vertical section` throughA apart of an internal combustion `engine embodying the lfeatures of the present invention.

Figure 2 is Figure 3 is a section on,4 the line 3-43 of Figure l. v

@Figure lis a section on' the line of Figure' 1. 5 i

'As shown on the drawings: f Y,

f j The inventionis illustrated. in connection with an internal combustion y engine of the high compression -type havingv n asingle provide a cylinder capable offbeing ma- I pressure-sustaining valveV l, and two auxviliar'y valvesQ and for the inlet andexhaust respectively. The' main valve lV is opened at the beginning of the exhaust period andheldopen until the end of the intake period. The exhaust valveL is held open during the exhaust period and then closed whenthe inlet valveis opened. Y

The valves are arranged in aV cylinder vioo .hea-d 4, detachably mounted on the top of a cylinderftube 5; The lower end of this Y tube in turn rests upon the crank case 6.

Annular tongues v7 Vare"ormedonfeach end or theV cylinder tube for engagement Y. with correspondmg'grooves1n the crank case and cylinder head. Suitable packing material is placed in these vde a` tight joint.

grooves to pro-` 11o The cylinder head is drawn down towards the crank case by means of bolts 8 threaded into or otherwise suitably secured to the crank case and passing through apertures in the cylinder head. By tightening the nuts on these bolts the cylinder tube again.

maybe firmly gripped between the cylinder'head and the crank case, while at the same time the tongues` 7 are forced into their corresponding grooves to compress the r packing therein.

Each end yofl the cylinder tube is of the same `form land dimensions so that it may be reversed end for end to equalize wear and for other reasons. Further, since the lateral pressure of the connecting rod causes the cylinder to wear more along its plane of movement `than along the vertical plane transverse thereto, it is desirable to turn the cylinder tube through 900 to equalize `such wear.

This may be readily accomplished by loosening the nuts on the bolts 8, rotating the cylinder tube through the desired angle and then tightening the' nuts Around the cylinder tube is a member 9 forming the outer part of the water jacket of the cylinder. In a single cylinder corr struction it is circular, as shown, but in a multi-cylinder engine it is conveniently elongated to enclose all the cylinders. The upper and lower ends of the tube 9 are arranged to fit into grooves in the cylinder head and crank caserespectively. Packing 'is placed in these grooves so that, when the parts are clamped together by the bolts 8, ti ht joints are formed. Corrugations 10 formed in the tube 9 to allow for eXpansion and contract-ion due to changes in temperature therein. For increasing the surface in contact with the water in the water jacket suitable projections, such as flanges or ribs l1, may be formed on the outside of the tube 5.

ciples of this invention, and I thereforeY do not purposelimiting the patent granted otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention: Y water-cooled internal combustion engine 'comprising a cylinder,V cooling flanges on theV outer surface thereof, a cylinder head, a crank case, tongue an'd'groove connections between the cylinder and both lthe cylinder head and crank case, said cylinder Vbeing` thereby adapted to be reversed in po-1 {sition relatively to'theicylin'derhead and crank 'case and'having a removable water jacket therearound with-a larger cooling space at ther top than at they bottom connected to the cylinder head and the crank case by tongue and groove connections and provided with horizontal corrugationsto provide additional cooling surface,` and means vfor clamping the cylinder head and crank case together inpositionon the cylinder with the water jacket therearound.`

In Atestimony whereof I have 'hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

-GEORGE SAMUEL ANDRES.

IVitnesses Y RiDsDALE ELLIS, LAWRENCE REIBSTEIN. 

